Energy storage of lithium batteries is an inevitable trend of the development of the times. The use and development of lithium batteries are very rapid, and they have the advantages of high energy density, long service life, and environmental protection. Recently, many people have asked the editor about the factors that affect the price and safety of lithium battery packs? Now I will tell you in detail through this article, I hope I can help you.
一、Lithium battery price composition
The price of a lithium battery is mainly composed of three major components: the battery cell, the protection board, and the shell. At the same time, due to the power consumption and current of the electric appliance, the material selection of the connecting piece between the battery cells will affect the cost. The plug-in connector may also have a greater impact on the cost, and the different PACK processes will also affect the cost.
二、Selection of batteries
The selection of batteries with different material systems will affect the price of the entire lithium battery. According to the different cathode materials, lithium battery packs include lithium manganese oxide (3.6V), lithium cobalt oxide (3.7V/3.8V), lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (commonly known as ternary, 3.6V), lithium iron phosphate (3.2V) ), lithium titanate (2.3V/2.4V) and other battery cells of various material systems, the battery cells of different material systems, their voltage platform, safety factor, cycle times, energy density ratio, working temperature, etc. are different.
The price of batteries of different brands will also vary greatly. The total price gradient can be divided into batteries of the same material system but of different brands, the price difference will also be very large, and the price of each brand of batteries out of the market through the survival of the fittest Quality (safety, consistency, stability) is basically proportional to price.
三、Requirements and Design of Lithium Battery PCM
PCM design can be divided into basic protection, communication, BMS.
Basic protection: Basic protection includes over-charge, over-discharge, over-current, and short-circuits protection, and over-temperature protection can be added according to product requirements.
Communication: The communication protocol can be divided into I2C, RS485, RS232, CANBUS, HDQ, SMBUS, etc. There is also a simple power display, which can be indicated by a power meter and LED.
BMS: The battery management system is mainly for the intelligent management and maintenance of each battery unit, preventing the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, prolonging the service life of the battery, and monitoring the status of the battery.
四、Factors affecting the safety of lithium batteries
1. The ambient temperature should not be too high or too low, it is best to work at normal temperature;
2. Receiving a violent impact or puncture, will immediately cause a fire;
3. Excessive discharge greatly reduces the life of lithium batteries;
4. Poor circuit insulation causes water ingress, causing short circuits, etc.
五、Points to note when purchasing lithium batteries
▲Is there a clear capacity label? Batteries without a clearly marked capacity are likely to be inferior batteries or recycled batteries. Many cheap batteries on the market are made from recycled batteries. Although they are cheap, they have a short lifespan and unstable quality. Careless use may damage the phone.
▲Is there any guarantee of standby time? Standby time refers to the continuous use time after the battery is installed in the phone to the next charge. Generally, the batteries sold in the market cannot guarantee the standby time for customers. This is because the battery quality is unstable. Many cheap batteries use poor-quality batteries, so the standby time is very short.
▲Whether to install a safety protection circuit board. Without the protection circuit board, the lithium battery has the risk of deformation, leakage, and explosion. Under the vicious price cut competition, various companies seek lower-priced protective circuit boards, or omit this device at all, making the market full of lithium batteries that are dangerous for explosions. Consumers cannot tell from the appearance whether there is a protective circuit board, so it is best to choose a reputable merchant to buy.